{"id":6004,"date":"2021-02-03T09:48:55","date_gmt":"2021-02-03T09:48:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bryceautomation.com\/?p=6004"},"modified":"2021-02-03T10:11:21","modified_gmt":"2021-02-03T10:11:21","slug":"arduino-analog-output","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bryceautomation.com\/index.php\/2021\/02\/03\/arduino-analog-output\/","title":{"rendered":"Arduino Analog Output"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Introduction to the Arduino Analog Output<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>In this section, we&#8217;ll set up an Arduino Analog Output.   Analog signals are variable.  In contrast, digital (discrete) signals are on or off.  On the UNO, pins 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11 support Analog Output.  I&#8217;ve set this example up on <a href=\"http:\/\/tinkercad.com\">TinkerCad.<\/a><\/p><div id=\"bryce-2647474337\" class=\"bryce-afterfirst bryce-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-8316758073402323\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-8316758073402323\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"7728240895\" \ndata-ad-format=\"auto\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, we&#8217;ll be using the Arduino UNO.  The Arduino analog outputs use Pulse Width Modulation (PWM).  This is not a true analog signal.  All in all though, it does simulate an analog signal.   Basically, if we call for 50% output, the signal is high 50% of the time, and low 50% of the time.  Likewise, if we call for 75% output, the pin is high 75% of the time, and low for 25% of the time.   The cycle happens 490 times per second for most PWM pins.   On the other hand, pins 5 and 6 will run at 980 Hz.  Check out <a href=\"https:\/\/www.arduino.cc\/reference\/en\/language\/functions\/analog-io\/analogwrite\/\">this link <\/a>to see what pins support PWM for your particular board.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You can use a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/s?k=pwm+to+voltage+module&amp;i=electronics&amp;ref=nb_sb_noss_1\">PWM to voltage <\/a>board if you need true analog output.  Likewise,  you can <a href=\"https:\/\/www.instructables.com\/Analog-Output-Convert-PWM-to-Voltage\/\">build your own board <\/a>with just a few simple components.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It&#8217;s important to realize the raw value for 0 to 100% output runs from 0 to 255.  The value of 255 represents a 100% high signal while using the analogWrite() function.  The format for the analogWrite function is as follows:   analogWrite(pin, value);  In this case, the pin is 11, and the value runs from 0 to 255.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Arduino Analog Output Explanation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Analog Output Circuit<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>To illustrate, let&#8217;s take a look at the following circuit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"478\" data-src=\"https:\/\/bryceautomation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6007 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/bryceautomation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-8.png 850w, https:\/\/bryceautomation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-8-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/bryceautomation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-8-768x432.png 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 850px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 850\/478;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In this case, we have a very simple setup to help understand how the analog output works.    The Potentiometer connects to pin A0, giving an input of 0 to 1023 counts of raw data.  I&#8217;ve scaled the value of 0 to 1023 (analog input) to 0 to 255 (for analog output) before sending it to the analog output pin (11).  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We have an oscilloscope on the analog output pin, which is pin 11.  To put it another way, as I turn the pot, the output signal goes from 0 to 100% (0 to 255 raw).  Fully counter-clockwise is 100%, and fully clockwise is 0 %.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Various Arduino Analog Output Examples<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>To demonstrate, 1.3volts input is a little over 25%.  I&#8217;m sending about 25% output to the analog output.  You will see what happens on the oscilloscope.  You will see a little over 25% &#8220;Duty Cycle&#8221; for the output.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"478\" data-src=\"https:\/\/bryceautomation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-9.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6009 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/bryceautomation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-9.png 850w, https:\/\/bryceautomation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-9-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/bryceautomation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-9-768x432.png 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 850px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 850\/478;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Likewise, we&#8217;ll try 2.5 volts.   This sends a raw value of about 128 to the analog output.  As you can see, the output is high now 50% of the cycle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"836\" height=\"460\" data-src=\"https:\/\/bryceautomation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-10.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6010 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/bryceautomation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-10.png 836w, https:\/\/bryceautomation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-10-300x165.png 300w, https:\/\/bryceautomation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-10-768x423.png 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 836px) 100vw, 836px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 836px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 836\/460;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>On the other hand, let&#8217;s try a value of around 75%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"823\" height=\"472\" data-src=\"https:\/\/bryceautomation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-11.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6011 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/bryceautomation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-11.png 823w, https:\/\/bryceautomation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-11-300x172.png 300w, https:\/\/bryceautomation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-11-768x440.png 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 823px) 100vw, 823px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 823px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 823\/472;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally, here is an example of 100%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"826\" height=\"483\" data-src=\"https:\/\/bryceautomation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-12.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6012 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/bryceautomation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-12.png 826w, https:\/\/bryceautomation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-12-300x175.png 300w, https:\/\/bryceautomation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/image-12-768x449.png 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 826px) 100vw, 826px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 826px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 826\/483;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sample Code<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>I&#8217;ve modified the analog input example for this demonstration.   The code is as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/*\n  Analog Input\n Demonstrates analog input by reading an analog sensor on analog pin 0 and\n turning on and off a light emitting diode(LED)  connected to digital pin 13.\n The amount of time the LED will be on and off depends on\n the value obtained by analogRead().\n\n The circuit:\n * Potentiometer attached to analog input 0\n * center pin of the potentiometer to the analog pin\n * one side pin (either one) to ground\n * the other side pin to +5V\n * LED anode (long leg) attached to digital output 13\n * LED cathode (short leg) attached to ground\n\n * Note: because most Arduinos have a built-in LED attached\n to pin 13 on the board, the LED is optional.\n\n\n Created by David Cuartielles\n modified 30 Aug 2011\n By Tom Igoe\n\n This example code is in the public domain.\n\n http:&#47;&#47;www.arduino.cc\/en\/Tutorial\/AnalogInput\n\n *\/\n\nint sensorPin = A0;    \/\/ select the input pin for the potentiometer\nint sensorValue = 0;  \/\/ variable to store the value coming from the sensor\nint rawOutputValue = 0; \/\/ Will display POT Percentage\nint analogOutputPin = 11; \/\/ Analog Output Pin\n\nvoid setup() {\n\n  pinMode(analogOutputPin,OUTPUT);\n  Serial.begin(19200);\n}\n\nvoid loop() {\n  delay(10);\n  \/\/ read the value from the sensor:\n  sensorValue = analogRead(sensorPin);\n\n  \/\/ scale the analog value, and write to the output pin\n  rawOutputValue = map(sensorValue,0,1023,0,255);\n  analogWrite(analogOutputPin,rawOutputValue);\n  \n  Serial.println(rawOutputValue);\n  \n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>For more beginner examples, visit the <a href=\"https:\/\/bryceautomation.com\/index.php\/category\/beginner\/\">category page for beginners!<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8212; Ricky Bryce<\/p>\n<div id=\"bryce-869205999\" class=\"bryce-after-content bryce-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-8316758073402323\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-8316758073402323\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"4667596182\" \ndata-ad-format=\"auto\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction to the Arduino Analog Output In this section, we&#8217;ll set up an Arduino Analog Output. Analog signals are variable. In contrast, digital (discrete) signals are on or off. On the UNO, pins 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11 support Analog Output. I&#8217;ve set this example up on TinkerCad. For example, we&#8217;ll be using <a class=\"moretag btn btn-primary\" href=\"https:\/\/bryceautomation.com\/index.php\/2021\/02\/03\/arduino-analog-output\/\">Read More \u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6011,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,8],"tags":[308,309,61],"class_list":{"0":"post-6004","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-arduino-other-microprocessors","8":"category-beginner","9":"tag-analog-output","10":"tag-analogwrite","11":"tag-arduino","12":"czr-hentry"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Arduino Analog Output Example - Bryce Automation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"How to set up and scale an Arduino Analog Output. 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