Beginner

The topics discussed in this category or for entry-level users.   The topics discussed here are single components, or how to get started with microprocessors.


Arduino Analog Input

Introduction to Arduino Analog Input In this post, we’ll walk through the example for the Arduino Analog Input. You will find this example under File | Examples | Analog. In this case, I’ll be using the Arduino UNO for this simulation. However, the example will work with many of the Read More »

Arduino Analog

Arduino Blink Without Delay

Introduction to Arduino Blink Without Delay The Arduino Blink Without Delay example allows you to blink a light without using the delay() function in the Arduino IDE. In short, this means you are not stopping the logic from scanning. This, you can execute other instructions while the light is waiting Read More »

arduino logic

Marsenne Primes — 2147483647

Introduction to Marsenne Primes Prime numbers are numbers that are only divisible by 1, and themselves of course.   Prime numbers (perfect numbers) are important for encryption, and very interesting to math enthusiasts who love to study their patterns.    Obviously,  with large numbers, prime numbers become more rare. An understanding Read More »

Keypad

Transistor as an Amplifier

Introduction to using a transistor as an amplifier We generally use a transistor in two different ways.    We will use a transistor as a switch, or we will use a transistor as an amplifier.    There are also two main types of transistors:  NPN, and PNP.   The NPN transistor Read More »

Transistor High Speed

MOSFET

Introduction to the MOSFET A MOSFET is a Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor.   That might sound intimidating, but basically, a MOSFET is a switch.  There are two types of MOSFETS:  Enhancement mode, and depletion mode.   Unquestionably, the most common type of FET is the Enhancement mode.    We will Read More »

MOSFET held high

Transistors

Introduction to Transistors Transistors can act as a switch, or as an amplifier.    Using a transistor, we can control a large load with a small amount of current.  Micropressors, such as the Atmega328 are allowed a maximum of 40mA of current per output pin.   Loads such as a motor, Read More »

Motor Circuit Full

Inductance

Introduction to Inductance We provide inductance with “coils”.   You may also call them “Chokes”.    The unit of inductance is a “Henry”.  We know that capacitors oppose a change in voltage, but an inductor opposes a change in current flow.  We use inductors to filter noise in a circuit, for Read More »

Inductor

Mega328 1

Introduction to the Mega328 The Mega328 is similar in a lot of ways to the MK-328 meter.  Both of these meters are very impressive in the capability.   I purchased the Mega328 from Ebay at a price of under $10!  The meter I purchased does not have a case with it, Read More »


Point Contact Diode

Introduction to the Point Contact Diode Today, I am doing an experiment that I’ve heard of called a “Point Contact Diode”.   During the World Wars, soldiers would make radios in the field.   By making a “Foxhole Radio”, they could listen to radio stations for news and entertainment.   One of the Read More »

Ricky Flame

MK-328 7

Introduction to the MK-328 Today, a new meter arrived in the mail.    This is the MK-328.    I’m very impressed with this meter for $17 on Ebay!    The meter will test many components such as diodes, LED’s, transistors, triacs, capacitors, resistors, MOSFETS, etc. At first, I was skeptical.  Read More »

Capacitor Test